What does the process of cold stratification simulate in nature?

The process of cold stratification simulates winter conditions necessary for germination. In nature, many seeds require a period of cold temperatures followed by warming in order to break dormancy and trigger germination. This mimics the natural seasonal cycle in which seeds fall to the ground in autumn, experience cold winter weather, and then germinate in spring when temperatures rise and conditions become favorable for growth. Cold stratification involves exposing seeds to moist, cold conditions for a specific duration, thereby letting seeds "sense" they have experienced winter. This process is crucial for certain species, especially those that have evolved in temperate climates, ensuring that they do not germinate until conditions are optimal for survival and growth.