What is "grafting" in plant propagation?

Grafting is a horticultural technique that involves joining two plants together so that they grow as a single plant. It typically includes attaching a piece of one plant, known as the scion, to the root system or stem of another plant, referred to as the rootstock. This method is particularly advantageous because it allows for the combination of desirable traits from both plants, such as disease resistance from the rootstock and quality fruit from the scion. The success of grafting relies heavily on the compatibility of the two plants being joined, as well as the proper technique used during the process.

The other options refer to different methods of plant propagation. Dividing plants involves separating them into multiple parts that can develop into full plants, using seeds emphasizes sexual reproduction to produce new individuals, and cutting branches is associated with taking cuttings to encourage root growth independently. Each of these methods has its own benefits and applications, but grafting specifically focuses on the fusion of two plants to enhance growth and productivity.